Redshift-Space Clustering of SDSS Galaxies --- Luminosity Dependence, Halo Occupation Distribution, and Velocity Bias

TL;DR

This study analyzes the clustering of SDSS galaxies, revealing luminosity-dependent clustering patterns, velocity biases, and implications for galaxy evolution and cosmology through detailed HOD modeling of redshift-space distortions.

Contribution

It provides new constraints on galaxy velocity biases and their dependence on luminosity and halo mass using redshift-space clustering data.

Findings

Luminous galaxies reside in more massive haloes.

Central galaxies are not at rest at halo centers, with ~30% of dark matter velocity dispersion.

Satellite galaxy velocities are consistent with dark matter motion.

Abstract

We present the measurements and modelling of the small-to-intermediate scale (0.1--25 Mpc/h) projected and three-dimensional (3D) redshift-space two-point correlation functions (2PCFs) of local galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. We find a clear dependence of galaxy clustering on luminosity in both projected and redshift spaces, generally being stronger for more luminous samples. The measurements are successfully interpreted within the halo occupation distribution (HOD) framework with central and satellite velocity bias parameters to describe galaxy kinematics inside haloes and to model redshift-space distortion (RSD) effects. In agreement with previous studies, we find that more luminous galaxies reside in more massive haloes. Including the redshift-space 2PCFs helps tighten the HOD constraints. Moreover, we find that luminous central galaxies are not at rest at the halo centres, with the velocity dispersion about 30% that of the dark matter. Such a relative motion may reflect the consequence of galaxy and halo mergers, and we find that central galaxies in lower mass haloes tend to be more relaxed with respect to their host haloes. The motion of satellite galaxies in luminous samples is consistent with their following that of the dark matter. For faint samples, satellites tends to have slower motion, with velocity dispersion inside haloes about 85% that of the dark matter. We discuss possible applications of the velocity bias constraints on studying galaxy evolution and cosmology. In the appendix, we characterize the distribution of galaxy redshift measurement errors, which is well described by a Gaussian-convolved double exponential distribution.