The Engineering of Optical Conservative Force

TL;DR

This paper develops analytical and numerical methods to design and analyze conservative optical force fields, enabling better control in optical manipulation and addressing complexities in non-equilibrium particle dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a general approach to create and analyze 2D conservative optical force fields, facilitating advances in optical manipulation techniques.

Findings

Established analytical and numerical methods for optical force calculation.

Created a general class of 2D conservative optical force fields.

Simplified analysis of particle behavior under optical forces.

Abstract

Optical forces have been fruitfully applied in a broad variety of areas that not only span the traditional scientific fields such as physics, chemistry, and biology, but also in more applied fields. It is customary and useful to split the optical force into the (conservative) gradient force and the (non-conservative) scattering and absorption force. These forces are different in attributes. The ability to tailor them will open great potential in fundamental optics and practical applications. Here, we present an analytical and a numerical approach to calculate these forces, and, with these tools, we create a fairly general class of 2D conservative optical force field. In general, particles immersed in an optical force do not obey equilibrium statistical mechanics, making the analysis complicated. With conservative forces, these issues are resolved.