Asymptotic freedom in the front-form Hamiltonian for quantum chromodynamics of gluons

TL;DR

This paper derives the asymptotic freedom property of gluons directly from the front-form Hamiltonian in QCD using the RGPEP, providing a new, simplified approach to understanding the scale dependence of the gluon interaction.

Contribution

It introduces a new generator in the RGPEP framework to compute the three-gluon vertex and the running coupling directly from the Hamiltonian, demonstrating universality in pure-gauge QCD.

Findings

The three-gluon vertex depends on the scale parameter s.

The Hamiltonian running coupling g_λ is calculated up to third order.

The approach confirms the universality of pure-gauge QCD in the RGPEP.

Abstract

Asymptotic freedom of gluons in QCD is obtained in the leading terms of their renormalized Hamiltonian in the Fock space, instead of considering virtual Green's functions or scattering amplitudes. Namely, we calculate the three-gluon interaction term in the front-form Hamiltonian for effective gluons in the Minkowski space-time using the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP), with a new generator. The resulting three-gluon vertex is a function of the scale parameter, $s$, that has an interpretation of the size of effective gluons. The corresponding Hamiltonian running coupling constant, $g_\lambda$, depending on the associated momentum scale $\lambda = 1/s$, is calculated in the series expansion in powers of $g_0 = g_{\lambda_0}$ up to the terms of third order, assuming some small value for $g_0$ at some large $\lambda_0$. The result exhibits the same finite sensitivity to small-$x$ regularization as the one obtained in an earlier RGPEP calculation, but the new calculation is simpler than the earlier one because of a simpler generator. This result establishes a degree of universality for pure-gauge QCD in the RGPEP.