Filtered expansions in general relativity and one BKL-bounce

TL;DR

This paper develops a filtration-based perturbative approach in general relativity to rigorously analyze the BKL bounce, aiming to clarify the mathematical structure behind a key heuristic conjecture.

Contribution

It introduces a novel filtration method for perturbative expansions in vacuum Einstein equations, providing a framework to rigorously study the BKL bounce.

Findings

Constructed a specific filtration for perturbative analysis.

Proved properties of the filtration related to BKL bounce.

Left open the question of whether the space of obstructions is zero.

Abstract

When the vacuum Einstein equations are formulated in terms of a frame, rather than a metric, can one perturb solutions with a degenerate frame into ones with a nondegenerate frame? In examples we point out that one can encounter issues already at the level of formal perturbative expansions; namely the cohomological, so-called space of obstructions is nonzero. In this paper we propose a perturbative expansion based on filtrations. We construct and prove properties of a specific filtration, intended to make mathematical sense of one BKL-bounce, a building block of a well-known but very heuristic conjecture due to Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz (which would involve sticking together an infinite sequence of single bounces). It seems possible that now the space of obstructions is zero, but this question is left open.