Enhanced Gamma-Ray Emission from Neutron Unbound States Populated in Beta Decay

TL;DR

This study investigates gamma-ray emission in beta decay of certain isotopes, revealing unexpectedly high gamma branching ratios and suggesting a possible increase in photon strength functions for neutron-rich nuclei, impacting r-process nucleosynthesis models.

Contribution

It provides new experimental data on gamma emission in beta decay above neutron separation energy and proposes a potential enhancement in photon strength functions for neutron-rich nuclei.

Findings

Gamma branching reaches up to 57% in some isotopes.

Observed gamma emission exceeds standard model predictions.

Potential implications for r-process nucleosynthesis.

Abstract

Total absorption spectroscopy was used to investigate the beta-decay intensity to states above the neutron separation energy followed by gamma-ray emission in 87,88Br and 94Rb. Accurate results were obtained thanks to a careful control of systematic errors. An unexpectedly large gamma intensity was observed in all three cases extending well beyond the excitation energy region where neutron penetration is hindered by low neutron energy. The gamma branching as a function of excitation energy was compared to Hauser-Feshbach model calculations. For 87Br and 88Br the gamma branching reaches 57% and 20% respectively, and could be explained as a nuclear structure effect. Some of the states populated in the daughter can only decay through the emission of a large orbital angular momentum neutron with a strongly reduced barrier penetrability. In the case of neutron-rich 94Rb the observed 4.5% branching is much larger than the calculations performed with standard nuclear statistical model parameters, even after proper correction for fluctuation effects on individual transition widths. The difference can be reconciled introducing an enhancement of one order-of-magnitude in the photon strength to neutron strength ratio. An increase in the photon strength function of such magnitude for very neutron-rich nuclei, if it proved to be correct, leads to a similar increase in the (n,gamma) cross section that would have an impact on r-process abundance calculations.