TL;DR
This paper reviews Helmholtz's classical analysis of air flow through sound holes, presents new measurements on real instrument geometries, and explores the electric capacitance analogy to better understand sound hole acoustics.
Contribution
It provides experimental data on sound hole effects in musical instruments and connects these findings to Helmholtz's resonator model and electric capacitance analogies.
Findings
Air flow volume relates to sound hole contribution.
Measurements confirm Helmholtz's bottle resonator model.
Electric capacitance offers insight into sound hole effects.
Abstract
The volume of air that goes in and out of a musical instrument's sound hole is related to the sound hole's contribution to the volume of the sound. Helmholtz's result for the simplest case of steady flow through an elliptical hole is reviewed. Measurements on multiple holes in sound box geometries and scales relevant to real musical instruments demonstrate the importance of a variety of effects. Electric capacitance of single flat plates is a mathematically identical problem, offering an alternate way to understand the most important of those effects. The measurements also confirm and illuminate aspects of Helmholtz's "bottle" resonator model as applied to musical instrument sound boxes and sound holes.
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Taxonomy
TopicsMusic Technology and Sound Studies · Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies · Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis