Non-equilibrium condensation process in holographic superconductor with nonlinear electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper investigates how nonlinear electrodynamics influences the non-equilibrium condensation process in holographic superconductors, revealing effects on horizon evolution and entanglement entropy during scalar field condensation.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of nonlinear gauge field corrections on the dynamics of holographic superconductor formation and horizon evolution in non-equilibrium conditions.

Findings

Nonlinear corrections slow down the transformation to a hairy black hole.

Holographic entanglement entropy reflects the influence of gauge field nonlinearity.

Bulk dynamics align with boundary order parameter evolution.

Abstract

We study the non-equilibrium condensation process in a holographic superconductor with nonlinear corrections to the U(1) gauge field. We start with an asymptotic Anti-de-Sitter(AdS) black hole against a complex scalar perturbation at the initial time, and solve the dynamics of the gravitational systems in the bulk. When the black hole temperature T is smaller than a critical value Tc, the scalar perturbation grows exponentially till saturation, the final state of spacetime approaches to a hairy black hole. In the bulk theory, we find the clue of the influence of nonlinear corrections in the gauge field on the process of the scalar field condensation. We show that the bulk dynamics in the non-equilibrium process is completely consistent with the observations on the boundary order parameter. Furthermore we examine the time evolution of horizons in the bulk non-equilibrium transformation process from the bald AdS black hole to the AdS hairy hole. Both the evolution of apparent and event horizons show that the original AdS black hole configuration requires more time to finish the transformation to become a hairy black hole if there is nonlinear correction to the electromagnetic field. We generalize our non-equilibrium discussions to the holographic entanglement entropy and find that the holographic entanglement entropy can give us further understanding of the influence of the nonlinearity in the gauge field on the scalar condensation. In our analysis, we also compare the effect of different models on the corrections to the gauge field on the formation of holographic superconductor.