Lifshitz transition in the double-core vortex in 3He-B

TL;DR

This paper investigates the fermionic spectrum within the vortex core of superfluid 3He-B, revealing a Lifshitz transition caused by Fermi liquid interactions that impacts vortex structure and experimental interpretations.

Contribution

It demonstrates the occurrence of a Lifshitz transition in the vortex core fermions of superfluid 3He-B due to Fermi liquid interactions, providing new insights into vortex dynamics.

Findings

Identification of two anomalous fermion branches crossing the Fermi level.

Fermi liquid interactions induce a Lifshitz transition in the vortex core.

Revised interpretation of vortex rotational dynamics experiments.

Abstract

We study the spectrum of fermion states localized within the vortex core of a weak-coupling p-wave superfluid. The low energy spectrum consists of two anomalous branches that cross the Fermi level as functions of the impact parameter, and generate large density of states at the locations of the half cores of the vortex. Fermi liquid interactions significantly change the vortex structure, which leads to Lifshitz transition in the effective Fermi surface of the vortex core fermions. We apply the results to revise the interpretation of an experiment on rotational dynamics of vortices in superfluid 3He-B.