Higher order fermion effective polynomial interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates higher order fermion effective potentials constructed from bilinear series, deriving bosonized models with potential new symmetries and analyzing condensate behaviors under weak field assumptions.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal auxiliary field approach to derive effective bosonized models from complex fermion series with new insights into condensate factorization and symmetry properties.

Findings

Condensates factorize into lowest order condensates in most cases.

Effective boson models exhibit possible new approximate symmetries.

No condensation occurs for vector-type bilinear series.

Abstract

Three different fermion effective potentials given by series of bilinears, $\sum_j^N (\bar{\psi}_a \psi_a)^{2^j}$ , $\sum_j^N (\bar{\psi}_a \psi_a)^{j}$ and also $\sum_j^N (\bar{\psi}_a \gamma_\mu \psi_a)^{2j}$ where $a=1,...N_r$ and integer $j$ are investigated by introducing sets of auxiliary fields. A mininal procedure is adopted to deal with the auxiliary fields and an effective bosonized model in each case is found by assuming weak field fluctuations, i.e. weak enough when compared to (normalized) coupling constants. Different fermion condensates are considered for the ground state in the first two series analysed and the factorization of all higher order condensates into the lowest order one is found in most cases, i.e. in general $<(\overline{\psi}_a \psi_a)^n> \propto <\bar{\psi}_a \psi_a>^n$. For the case of the third series built with vector-type bilinears no condensation is assumed to occur. The corresponding (weak) scalar fields effective models for the three cases are expanded in polynomial interactions. The resulting low energy effective boson model may a exhibit new approximate symmetry depending on the terms present in the original series-model and on the values of the coupling constants.