Large spin Hall magnetoresistance and its correlation to the spin-orbit torque in W/CoFeB/MgO structures

TL;DR

This study investigates the large spin Hall magnetoresistance in W/CoFeB/MgO structures and its relation to spin-orbit torque, revealing a larger MR than other materials and its potential to probe spin-orbit effects.

Contribution

It provides a systematic analysis of spin Hall magnetoresistance in W-based structures and links it to spin-orbit torque, highlighting W's larger spin Hall angle and shared underlying physics.

Findings

MR is about 1%, larger than in Ta/CoFeB/MgO or Pt/Co/AlOx.

MR correlates with magnetization switching efficiency.

MR depends on the relative orientation to spin Hall effect direction.

Abstract

The spin-orbit interaction in heavy metal/ferromagnet/oxide structures has been extensively investigated because it can be employed in manipulation of the magnetization direction by in-plane current. This implies the existence of an inverse effect, in which the conductivity in such structures should depend on the magnetization orientation. In this work, we report a systematic study of the magnetoresistance (MR) of the W/CoFeB/MgO structures and its correlation to the current-induced torque to the magnetization. We observe that the MR is independent of the angle between magnetization and current direction, but is determined by the relative magnetization orientation with respect to the spin direction accumulated by spin Hall effect, which is the same symmetry of so-called spin Hall magnetoresistance. The MR of ~1% in W/CoFeB/MgO samples is considerably larger than those in other structures of Ta/CoFeB/MgO or Pt/Co/AlOx, which indicates a larger spin Hall angle of W. Moreover, the similar W thickness dependence of the MR and the current-induced magnetization switching efficiency demonstrates that they share the same underlying physics, which allows one to utilize the MR in non-magnet/ferromagnet structure in order to understand closely related other spin-orbit coupling effects such as inverse spin Hall effect, spin-orbit spin transfer torques, etc.