Peculiarities of massive vectormesons and their zero mass limits

TL;DR

This paper explores the unique properties of massive vector mesons, their zero mass limits, and introduces a new Hilbert space framework that clarifies their interactions and implications for confinement in quantum field theory.

Contribution

It presents a novel string-local Hilbert space formulation for massive vector mesons, replacing gauge theory and revealing new insights into their interactions and confinement mechanisms.

Findings

Massive vector mesons possess two conserved charges, one being a screened Maxwell charge.

The coupling to Hermitian matter fields vanishes in the massless limit for certain interactions.

Second order renormalizability requires additional Hermitian H-fields, leading to Mexican hat-like selfinteractions.

Abstract

Massive QED, in contrast with its massless counterpart, possesses two conserved charges; one is a screened (vanishing) Maxwell charge which is directly associated with the massive vector mesons through the identically conserved Maxwell current. A somewhat peculiar situation arises for couplings of Hermitian matter fields to massive vector potentials; in that case the only current is the screened Maxwell current and the coupling disappears in the massless limit. In case of selfinteracting massive vector mesons the situation becomes even more peculiar in that the usually renormalizability guaranteeing validity of the first order power-counting criterion breaks down in second order and requires the compensatory presence of additional Hermitian H-fields. Some aspect of these observation have already been noticed in the BRST gauge theoretic formulation, but here we use a new setting based on string-local vector mesons which is required by Hilbert space positivity. The coupling to H-fields induces Mexican hat like selfinteractions; they are not imposed and bear no relation with spontaneous symmetry breaking; they are rather consequences of the foundational causal localization properties realized in a Hilbert space setting. In case of selfinteracting massive vectormesons their presence is required in order to maintain the first order power-counting restriction of renormalizability also in second order. The presentation of the new Hilbert space setting for vector mesons which replaces gauge theory and extends on-shell unitarity to its off-shell counterpart is the main motivation for this work. The new Hilbert space setting also shows that the second order Lie-algebra structure of selfinteracting vector mesons is a consequence of the principles of QFT and promises a deeper understanding of the origin of confinement.