Efectividad de t\'ecnicas de prueba de software aplicadas por sujetos novicios de pregrado

TL;DR

This study evaluates the effectiveness of black-box and white-box software testing techniques when applied by novice undergraduate students, revealing low defect detection rates and highlighting the need for more experienced subjects in software engineering experiments.

Contribution

It provides empirical data on the performance of novice students in applying software testing techniques, emphasizing the importance of subject expertise for valid experimental results.

Findings

Both techniques observed around 4% of defects.

Black-box testing slightly more effective (21%) than white-box (16%) in observable defects.

Subjects showed significant lack of technical skills.

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to examine possible effects of using freshman student subjects in software engineering experiments. Particularly in this work we report the effectiveness measured as percentage of observed and observable defects of two software testing techniques: Black-box and white-box. Regarding observed defects, both techniques show an effectiveness around of 4%. With respect of observable defects by test cases, black-box testing is slightly more effective (21%) than white-box testing (16%), although this difference is not significant. We observe a considerable lack of technical skills of subjects for applying both software testing techniques. Due to observed findings, we suggest to employ students with more technical skills for carrying out software engineering experiments. ----- El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en investigar los efectos que conlleva realizar experimentos en ingenier\'ia de software (IS) empleando como sujetos experimentales a estudiantes de pregrado cursando su primer a\~no de estudios de la carrera en ingenier\'ia de software. De manera particular en este trabajo se investiga la efectividad medida en porcentaje de defectos observados y observables de las t\'ecnicas de prueba de software funcional (caja negra) y estructural (caja blanca). Con respecto a los defectos observados por los sujetos, ambas t\'ecnicas obtuvieron una efectividad del 4%. Con respecto a los defectos observables por los casos de prueba, la t\'ecnica funcional es ligeramente superior (21%) que la t\'ecnica estructural (16%), aunque esta diferencia no es significativa. Se observa un nivel de inexperiencia considerable en los sujetos para aplicar las t\'ecnicas. Dado los hallazgos encontrados, se sugiere emplear sujetos de pregrado con un nivel mayor de experiencia.