Spin-1 Particles with Light-Front Approach

TL;DR

This paper calculates electromagnetic form factors of spin-1 mesons using the light-front approach, addressing rotational symmetry breaking by including zero mode contributions, and identifies which matrix elements are affected.

Contribution

It introduces a method to incorporate zero modes in light-front calculations, improving the accuracy of spin-1 particle observables.

Findings

Zero mode contributions affect only the 0→0 matrix element.

Including zero modes restores rotational symmetry.

The approach improves form factor calculations for vector mesons.

Abstract

For the vector sector, i.e, mesons with spin-1, the electromagnetic form factors and anothers observables are calculated with the light-front approach. However, the light-front quantum field theory have some problems, for example, the rotational symmetry breaking. We solve that problem added the zero modes contribuition to the matrix elements of the electromagnetic current, besides the valence contribuition. We found that among the four independent matrix elements of the plus component in the light-front helicity basis only the $0\to 0$ one carries zero mode contributions.