The Analog Front-end Prototype Electronics Designed for LHAASO WCDA

TL;DR

This paper presents the design and testing of an analog front-end prototype for the LHAASO WCDA, achieving high-resolution charge and time measurements over a wide dynamic range, crucial for accurate particle detection.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel analog front-end circuit prototype optimized for high-resolution charge and time measurements in LHAASO WCDA readout electronics.

Findings

Charge resolution better than 1% at 4000 P.E.

Charge resolution better than 10% at 1 P.E.

Time resolution better than 0.5 ns RMS.

Abstract

In the readout electronics of the Water Cerenkov Detector Array (WCDA) in the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) experiment, both high-resolution charge and time measurement are required over a dynamic range from 1 photoelectron (P.E.) to 4000 P.E. The Analog Front-end (AFE) circuit is one of the crucial parts in the whole readout electronics. We designed and optimized a prototype of the AFE through parameter calculation and circuit simulation, and conducted initial electronics tests on this prototype to evaluate its performance. Test results indicate that the charge resolution is better than 1% @ 4000 P.E. and remains better than 10% @ 1 P.E., and the time resolution is better than 0.5 ns RMS, which is better than application requirement.