Bulk viscosity in a plasma of Gribov-Zwanziger gluons

TL;DR

This paper studies the non-equilibrium properties of a gluon plasma influenced by confinement effects from Gribov-Zwanziger quantization, focusing on bulk viscosity relevant for heavy-ion collision phenomenology.

Contribution

It introduces a dynamic framework for a confining gluon plasma that captures non-equilibrium transport phenomena including bulk viscosity, extending previous static models.

Findings

Reproduces qualitative features of the pure-glue equation of state.

Determines the form of the bulk viscosity coefficient.

Analyzes the non-equilibrium behavior of the trace anomaly.

Abstract

We investigate dynamic properties of a plasma whose constituents are confining gluons resulting from the Gribov quantization. In a static formulation, this system reproduces qualitatively the pure-glue equation of state and thereby encodes crucial features of the phase transition. The dynamic description proposed in this work allows us to study non-equilibrium transport phenomena with the inclusion of confinement effects. In particular, we determine the non-equilibrium behaviour of the interaction measure (trace anomaly) and find the form of the bulk viscosity coefficient. The latter may be used in phenomenological applications to heavy-ion collisions.