Discrete gap solitons in binary positive-negative index nonlinear waveguide arrays with strong second-order couplings

TL;DR

This paper investigates the existence, properties, and stability of discrete gap solitons in zigzag waveguide arrays with alternating positive and negative refractive indices, highlighting control over diffraction and soliton localization.

Contribution

It introduces a model of zigzag waveguide arrays with strong second-order couplings, analyzing how these affect gap soliton formation and stability, including in focusing and defocusing regimes.

Findings

Discrete gap solitons can be stable over wide parameter ranges.

Zero diffraction points enable highly localized solitons at low powers.

Effective diffraction can be controlled or canceled via next-to-nearest neighbor coupling.

Abstract

We report on existence and properties of discrete gap solitons in zigzag arrays of alternating waveguides with positive and negative refractive indices. Zigzag quasi-one-dimensional configuration of waveguide array introduces strong next-to-nearest neighbor interaction in addition to nearest-neighbor coupling. Effective diffraction can be controlled both in size and in sign by the value of the next-to-nearest neighbor coupling coefficient and even can be cancelled. In the regime where instabilities occur, we found different families of discrete solitons bifurcating from gap edges of the linear spectrum. We show that both staggered and unstaggered discrete solitons can become highly localized states near the zero diffraction points even for low powers. Stability analysis has shown that found soliton solutions are stable over a wide range of parameters and can exist in focusing, defocusing and even in alternating focusing-defocusing array.