Thermodynamic restrictions on linear reversible and irreversible thermo-electro-magneto-mechanical processes

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive thermodynamic framework for linear reversible and irreversible thermo-electro-magneto-mechanical processes, integrating classical thermodynamics with electrodynamics to characterize coupled material behaviors and transport phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a unified framework that encompasses both reversible and irreversible coupled processes, deriving stability conditions and restrictions on material and kinetic coefficients.

Findings

Thermodynamic stability conditions for linear TEMM processes are established.

Restrictions on material constants and transport coefficients are derived.

The framework includes multiphysics interaction diagrams for various coupled effects.

Abstract

A unified thermodynamic framework for characterization of functional materials is developed. This framework encompasses linear reversible and irreversible processes with thermal, electrical, magnetic, and/or mechanical effects coupled. The comprehensive framework combines the principles of classical equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics with electrodynamics of continua in the infinitesimal strain regime. In the first part of this paper, linear Thermo-Electro-Magneto-Mechanical (TEMM) quasistatic processes are characterized. Thermodynamic stability conditions are further imposed on the linear constitutive model and restrictions on the corresponding material constants are derived. The framework is then extended to irreversible transport phenomena including thermoelectric, thermomagnetic and the state-of-the-art spintronic and spin caloritronic effects. Using Onsager's reciprocity relationships and the dissipation inequality, restrictions on the kinetic coefficients corresponding to charge, heat and spin transport processes are derived. All the constitutive models are accompanied by multiphysics interaction diagrams that highlight the various processes that can be characterized using this framework.