Formalising Hypothesis Virtues in Knowledge Graphs: A General Theoretical Framework and its Validation in Literature-Based Discovery Experiments

TL;DR

This paper proposes a formal framework for evaluating hypothesis virtues within knowledge graphs, using a philosophical foundation, and validates it through literature-based discovery experiments demonstrating its effectiveness.

Contribution

It introduces a novel formal framework for hypothesis virtues in knowledge graphs, grounded in philosophy of science, and applies it to improve discovery in literature-based research.

Findings

Framework effectively identifies promising knowledge graph subsets.

Experiments show superiority over related approaches.

Validated in literature-based discovery contexts.

Abstract

We introduce an approach to discovery informatics that uses so called knowledge graphs as the essential representation structure. Knowledge graph is an umbrella term that subsumes various approaches to tractable representation of large volumes of loosely structured knowledge in a graph form. It has been used primarily in the Web and Linked Open Data contexts, but is applicable to any other area dealing with knowledge representation. In the perspective of our approach motivated by the challenges of discovery informatics, knowledge graphs correspond to hypotheses. We present a framework for formalising so called hypothesis virtues within knowledge graphs. The framework is based on a classic work in philosophy of science, and naturally progresses from mostly informative foundational notions to actionable specifications of measures corresponding to particular virtues. These measures can consequently be used to determine refined sub-sets of knowledge graphs that have large relative potential for making discoveries. We validate the proposed framework by experiments in literature-based discovery. The experiments have demonstrated the utility of our work and its superiority w.r.t. related approaches.