On the noise-resolution duality, Heisenberg uncertainty and Shannon's information

TL;DR

This paper derives new inequalities linking noise, resolution, and information capacity in imaging systems, with implications for low-light and biomedical imaging where radiation dose is limited.

Contribution

The authors introduce a novel approach based on noise-resolution duality to derive inequalities connecting uncertainty, information capacity, and imaging performance.

Findings

Derived bounds on information capacity in imaging systems.

Established links between noise, resolution, and quantum limits.

Applicable to low-light and dose-constrained imaging scenarios.

Abstract

Several variations of the Heisenberg uncertainty inequality are derived on the basis of "noise-resolution duality" recently proposed by the authors. The same approach leads to a related inequality that provides an upper limit for the information capacity of imaging systems in terms of the number of imaging quanta (particles) used in the experiment. These results can be useful in the context of biomedical imaging constrained by the radiation dose delivered to the sample, or in imaging (e.g. astronomical) problems under "low light" conditions.