Die Gerling Sternwarte (Gerling Astronomical Observatory)

TL;DR

The paper details the history and scientific contributions of the Gerling Astronomical Observatory, highlighting its role in early asteroid observations and stellar measurements in 19th-century Germany.

Contribution

It documents the establishment, instrumentation, and scientific achievements of the Gerling Observatory, emphasizing its pioneering asteroid position readings in Hesse.

Findings

First asteroid position readings in Hesse

Use of transit instrument for star measurements

Observation of planets, moons, and asteroids

Abstract

Christian Ludwig Gerling's 1817 appointment as Professor for Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy resulted in the foundation of the Mathematical and Physical Institute of the Philipps University. In 1838, Gerling moved onto new premises in the main building of the former D\"ornberger Hof in Renthof Street where the Philipps University's astronomical observatory was installed in the upper part of the old tower in 1841. The most important device at that time was a transit instrument which served to measure the transit times of stars in the meridian. Precise alignment required the use of a meridian stone, an artificial point of reference exactly north of and at about four kilometers' distance from the observatory. The scientists observed planets and their moons, the asteroids that were only discovered at the beginning of the 19th century, and some fainter stars in order to improve stellar charts. The Gerling Observatory is the first place in Hesse, where positions of asteroids were read.