Holographic Lifshitz fluids in 1+1 dimensions

TL;DR

This paper uses gauge/gravity duality to study hydrodynamics of Lifshitz fixed points in 1+1 dimensions, revealing violations of known bounds due to Lorentz symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It provides the first holographic analysis of Lifshitz fluids in 1+1 dimensions, highlighting violations of sound speed and viscosity bounds at z=3.

Findings

Speed of sound exceeds the conjectured upper bound.

Bulk viscosity to entropy ratio is above the lower bound.

Lorentz symmetry breakdown explains the bound violations.

Abstract

In this paper, using the techniques of Gauge/gravity duality we explore the hydrodynamic regime of $ z=3 $ Lifshitz fixed points in $ 1+1 $ dimensions. The speed of sound in the non-relativistic plasma turns out to be $\sqrt{3}$, which clearly violates the conjectured upper bound. We identify this as a natural consequence of the Lorentz symmetry breakdown at $ z=3 $ Lifshitz fixed point. In our analysis, we compute bulk viscosity to entropy ratio for quantum field theory dual to Lifshitz gravity in $ 2+1$ dimensions and it turns out that for this particular holographic model this ratio is above the conjectured lower bound.