Electronic Cooling in Weyl and Dirac Semimetals

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates the energy relaxation rates of electrons via acoustic phonons in Weyl and Dirac semimetals, revealing different decay behaviors under various doping and magnetic field conditions.

Contribution

It provides new analytical calculations of cooling power and electron temperature decay in Weyl and Dirac semimetals across different regimes, including effects of doping, disorder, and magnetic fields.

Findings

Electron temperature decays as a power law at the nodal points.

In heavily doped systems, temperature decays linearly over time.

Disorder enhances electron-phonon energy transfer, increasing cooling power.

Abstract

Energy transfer from electrons to phonons is an important consideration in any Weyl or Dirac semimetal based application. In this work, we analytically calculate the cooling power of acoustic phonons, i.e. the energy relaxation rate of electrons which are interacting with acoustic phonons, for Weyl and Dirac semimetals in a variety of different situations. For cold Weyl or Dirac semimetals with the Fermi energy at the nodal points, we find the electronic temperature, $T_e$, decays in time as a power law. In the heavily doped regime, $T_e$ decays linearly in time far away from equilibrium. In a heavily doped system with short-range disorder we predict the cooling power of acoustic phonons is drastically increased because of an enhanced energy transfer between electrons and phonons. When an external magnetic field is applied to an undoped system, the cooling power is linear in magnetic field strength and $T_e$ has square root decay in time, independent of magnetic field strength over a range of values.