Atomic Faraday filter with equivalent noise bandwidth less than 1 GHz

TL;DR

This paper presents an atomic Faraday filter based on cesium vapor with an ultra-narrow noise bandwidth below 1 GHz, achieved through optimized parameters and verified by experiments, outperforming other alkali metals.

Contribution

Demonstrates a cesium-based atomic Faraday filter with sub-GHz noise bandwidth, combining theoretical optimization and experimental validation.

Findings

Achieved an equivalent noise bandwidth of 0.96 GHz.

Attained a peak transmission of 77%.

Validated theoretical predictions with experimental results.

Abstract

We demonstrate an atomic bandpass optical filter with an equivalent noise bandwidth less than 1 GHz using the D$_1$ line in a cesium vapor. We use the ElecSus computer program to find optimal experimental parameters, and find that for important quantities the cesium D$_1$ line clearly outperforms other alkali metals on either D-lines. The filter simultaneously achieves a peak transmission of 77%, a passband of 310 MHz and an equivalent noise bandwidth of 0.96 GHz, for a magnetic field of 45.3 gauss and a temperature of 68.0$\,^\circ$C. Experimentally, the prediction from the model is verified. The experiment and theoretical predictions show excellent agreement.