Waterproofed Photomultiplier Tube Assemblies for the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment
Ken Chow, John Cummings, Emily Edwards, William Edwards, Ry Ely,, Matthew Hoff, Logan Lebanowski, Bo Li, Piyi Li, Shih-Kai Lin, Dawei Liu,, Jinchang Liu, Kam-Biu Luk, Jiayuan Miao, Jim Napolitano, Juan Pedro, Ochoa-Ricoux, Jen-Chieh Peng, Ming Qi, Herbert Steiner, Paul Stoler
TL;DR
This paper describes the design, refurbishment, and performance evaluation of 960 waterproof photomultiplier tubes used as Cherenkov detectors in the Daya Bay neutrino experiment, achieving a high success rate in waterproofing.
Contribution
It presents a systematic refurbishment process for waterproofing photomultiplier tubes, including design, fabrication, testing, and performance results, for large-scale neutrino detection.
Findings
Waterproofing success rate over 97%
Effective refurbishment process for reused tubes
Reliable operation in neutrino detection environment
Abstract
In the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment 960 20-cm-diameter waterproof photomultiplier tubes are used to instrument three water pools as Cherenkov detectors for detecting cosmic-ray muons. Of these 960 photomultiplier tubes, 341 are recycled from the MACRO experiment. A systematic program was undertaken to refurbish them as waterproof assemblies. In the context of passing the water leakage check, a success rate better than 97% was achieved. Details of the design, fabrication, testing, operation, and performance of these waterproofed photomultiplier-tube assemblies are presented.
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