Discrete Breather and Soliton-Mode Collective Excitations in Bose-Einstein Condensates in a Deep Optical Lattice with Tunable Three-body Interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex dynamics of collective excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates within deep optical lattices, focusing on how tunable three-body interactions influence the existence and stability of discrete breathers and solitons.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the phase diagram and dynamical behavior of excitations in BECs with tunable three-body interactions, revealing conditions for the emergence and disappearance of breathers and solitons.

Findings

Discrete breather phase vanishes when three-body interactions dominate.

Soliton phase appears near the critical line in the phase diagram.

Reintroduction of weak two-body interactions restores breathers in certain regimes.

Abstract

We have studied the dynamic evolution of the collective excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates in a deep optical lattice with tunable three-body interactions. Their dynamics is governed by a high order discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation (DNLSE). The dynamical phase diagram of the system is obtained using the variational method. The dynamical evolution shows very interesting features. The discrete breather phase totally disappears in the regime where the three-body interaction completely dominates over the two-body interaction. The soliton phase in this particular regime exists only when the soliton line approaches the critical line in the phase diagram. When weak two-body interactions are reintroduced into this regime, the discrete breather solutions reappear, but occupies a very small domain in the phase space. Likewise, in this regime, the soliton as well as the discrete breather phases completely disappear if the signs of the two-and three-body interactions are opposite. We have analysed the causes of this unusual dynamical evolution of the collective excitations of the Bose-Einstein condensate with tunable interactions. We have also performed direct numerical simulations of the governing DNLS equation to show the existence of the discrete soliton solution as predicted by the variational calculations, and also to check the long term stability of the soliton solution.