Optogenetic control of cell signaling pathway through scattering skull using wavefront shaping

TL;DR

This paper presents a non-invasive optogenetic method to control cell signaling through scattering skull tissue by using wavefront shaping to focus light on target cells, enabling precise regulation of calcium levels.

Contribution

It introduces a novel wavefront shaping technique to achieve non-invasive optogenetic control through scattering skull tissue, which was not previously demonstrated.

Findings

Successful focusing of light through scattering skull tissue

Precise spatiotemporal regulation of calcium in individual cells

Potential for non-invasive neural control applications

Abstract

We introduce a non-invasive approach for optogenetic regulation in biological cells through highly scattering skull tissue using wavefront shaping. The wavefront of the incident light was systematically controlled using a spatial light modulator in order to overcome multiple light-scattering in a mouse skull layer and to focus light on the target cells. We demonstrate that illumination with shaped waves enables spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular Ca2+ level at the individual-cell level.