On Schur 3-groups

TL;DR

This paper investigates Schur groups, focusing on specific 3-groups, and proves that certain non-abelian groups are not Schur, supporting the idea that all Schur p-groups for odd primes are abelian.

Contribution

It demonstrates that particular non-abelian 3-groups are not Schur, extending understanding of the structure of Schur groups and confirming that Schur p-groups for odd p are abelian.

Findings

Certain 3-groups are not Schur.

All Schur p-groups for odd p are abelian.

Supports conjecture on Schur p-groups structure.

Abstract

Let $G$ be a finite group. If $\Gamma$ is a permutation group with $G_{right}\leq\Gamma\leq Sym(G)$ and $\mathcal{S}$ is the set of orbits of the stabilizer of the identity $e=e_{G}$ in $\Gamma$, then the $\mathbb{Z}$-submodule $\mathcal{A}(\Gamma,G)=Span_{\mathbb{Z}}\{\underline{X}:\ X\in\mathcal{S}\}$ of the group ring $\mathbb{Z} G$ is an $S$-ring as it was observed by Schur. Following P\"{o}schel an $S$-ring $\mathcal{A}$ over $G$ is said to be schurian if there exists a suitable permutation group $\Gamma$ such that $\mathcal{A}=\mathcal{A}(\Gamma,G)$. A finite group $G$ is called a Schur group if every $S$-ring over $G$ is schurian. We prove that the groups $M_{3^n}=\langle a,b\;|\:a^{3^{n-1}}=b^3=e,a^b=a^{3^{n-2}+1}\rangle$, where $n\geq3$, are not Schur. Modulo previously obtained results, it follows that every Schur $p$-group is abelian whenever $p$ is an odd prime.