Charge Induced Fluctuation Forces in Graphitic Nanostructures

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new long-range interaction in nano-circuits caused by charge fluctuations, which can rival traditional Casimir forces, especially in graphene-based systems, with implications for nanoscale physics.

Contribution

The study develops a theoretical framework for charge fluctuation-induced forces, distinguishing thermal and quantum effects, and applies it to graphene nanostructures, revealing their potential dominance over Casimir forces.

Findings

Charge fluctuations induce a long-range force comparable to Casimir interactions.

The force depends on distance, temperature, and system size, with significant quantum contributions.

Fluctuation-induced forces can be dominant in nanoscale systems involving graphene.

Abstract

Charge fluctuations in nano-circuits with capacitor components are shown to give rise to a novel type of long-ranged interaction, which co-exist with the regular Casimir/van der Waals force. The developed theory distinguishes between thermal and quantum mechanical effects, and it is applied to capacitors involving graphene nanostructures. The charge fluctuations mechanism is captured via the capacitance of the system with geometrical and quantum mechanical components. The dependence on the distance separation, temperature, size, and response properties of the system shows that this type of force can have a comparable and even dominant effect to the Casimir interaction. Our results strongly indicate that fluctuations induced interactions due to various thermodynamic quantities can have important thermal and quantum mechanical contributions at the micro- and nanoscale.