The Galactic Dynamo and Superbubbles

TL;DR

This paper revises galactic dynamo theories by incorporating flux-freezing effects and proposes a new magnetic flux expulsion mechanism via superbubble-induced spike instabilities, improving the understanding of magnetic field evolution in galaxies.

Contribution

It introduces a modified dynamo model that involves magnetic flux expulsion through superbubble-induced spike instabilities, addressing previous flux-freezing neglects.

Findings

Flux-freezing omission affects dynamo simulations in the galactic halo.

Superbubbles cause spike instabilities that expel magnetic flux.

The new process aligns with realistic galactic conditions and dynamo timescales.

Abstract

In previous galactic dynamo theories of the origin of the magnetic field in our galaxy, the subject of flux-freezing has been omitted. As a consequence, the equation of mass flow has generally also been omitted, particularly in the halo where the galactic gravitational field will operate on the mass flow. In this paper it has been shown that this neglect could have serious consequences for the results obtained from those galactic dynamo simulations that include the halo. A modification of these dynamo theories is proposed which involves the expulsion of very small bits of the magnetic field lines, rather than the wholesale expulsion of the complete magnetic lines encapsulated in the previous theories. This expulsion is accomplished by a spike instability that arises from superbubbles, when they break out of the galactic disc and their shell fragment. This leads to a {\it cut } in the lines of force that still remain in the disc. Subsequently, normal disc turbulence rotates the {\it cut} lines and thus dissipates their mean flux removing them from a role in the dynamo theory. This new process takes a length of time comparable, but a little longer than the previous growth time of the disc dynamo, but avoids the previous difficulties associated with flux-freezing and flux expulsion.