Energy-efficient Rail Guided Vehicle Routing for Two-Sided Loading/Unloading Automated Freight Handling System

TL;DR

This paper presents an energy-efficient routing method for rail-guided vehicles in automated freight systems, optimizing for energy use while avoiding conflicts and respecting time constraints, with demonstrated improvements over existing heuristics.

Contribution

It introduces a mixed-integer linear programming model for dynamic RGV routing considering energy, conflict avoidance, and time windows, integrating structural properties and a rolling-horizon approach.

Findings

Significant reduction in energy consumption compared to heuristic methods

Effective handling of dynamic cargo entry and departure

Validated through simulation with promising results

Abstract

Rail-guided vehicles (RGVs) are widely employed in automated freight handling system (AFHS) to transport surging air cargo. Energy-efficient routing of such vehicles is of great interest for both financial and environmental sustainability. Given a multi-capacity RGV working on a linear track in AFHS, we consider its optimal routing under two-sided loading/unloading (TSLU) operations, in which energy consumption is minimized under conflict-avoidance and time window constraints. The energy consumption takes account of routing-dependent gross weight and dynamics of the RGV, and the conflict-avoidance constraints ensure conflict-free transport service under TSLU operations. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program, and solved by incorporating valid inequalities that exploit structural properties of the problem. The static problem model and solution approach are then integrated with a rolling-horizon approach to solve the dynamic routing problem where air cargo enters and departs from the system dynamically in time. Simulation results suggest that the proposed strategy is able to route an RGV to transport air cargo with an energy cost that is considerably lower than one of the most commonly used heuristic methods implemented in current practice.