Fundamental constants and cosmic vacuum: the micro and macro connection
Harald Fritzsch, Joan Sola

TL;DR
This paper explores the hypothesis that the universe's accelerated expansion and the potential variation of fundamental constants are interconnected phenomena driven by a common underlying dynamic, linking microphysics and cosmology.
Contribution
It proposes a unified framework connecting the time variation of fundamental constants with cosmic acceleration, maintaining covariance in cosmological models.
Findings
Theoretical models showing how fundamental constants can vary with cosmic expansion.
Evidence suggesting a possible link between dark energy and changing fundamental constants.
A covariant approach to modeling micro and macro cosmic phenomena.
Abstract
The idea that the vacuum energy density could be time dependent is a most reasonable one in the expanding Universe; in fact, much more reasonable than just a rigid cosmological constant for the entire cosmic history. Being dynamical, it offers a possibility to tackle the cosmological constant problem in its various facets. Furthermore, for a long time (most prominently since Dirac's first proposal on a time variable gravitational coupling) the possibility that the fundamental "constants" of Nature are slowly drifting with the cosmic expansion has been continuously investigated. In the last two decades, and specially in recent times, mounting experimental evidence attests that this could be the case. In this paper, we consider the possibility that these two groups of facts might be intimately connected, namely that the observed…
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