The Emission of Electromagnetic Radiation from Charges Accelerated by Gravitational Waves and its Astrophysical Implications

TL;DR

This paper investigates the theoretical possibility that gravitational waves can induce electromagnetic radiation from charged particles, potentially affecting GW propagation and detection, with implications for astrophysics and early universe studies.

Contribution

It provides theoretical calculations and arguments supporting electromagnetic emission from charges accelerated by gravitational waves, a novel aspect in GW physics.

Findings

Electromagnetic radiation emission from charges due to GWs is theoretically supported.

Power emission is negligible for weak GWs but significant for strong GWs with large charge distributions.

Potential implications include GW attenuation and new electromagnetic detection methods.

Abstract

We provide calculations and theoretical arguments supporting the emission of electromagnetic radiation from charged particles accelerated by gravitational waves (GWs). These waves have significant indirect evidence to support their existence, yet they interact weakly with ordinary matter. We show that the induced oscillations of charged particles interacting with a GW, which lead to the emission of electromagnetic radiation, will also result in wave attenuation. These ideas are supported by a small body of literature, as well as additional arguments for particle acceleration based on GW memory effects. We derive order of magnitude power calculations for various initial charge distributions accelerated by GWs. The resulting power emission is extremely small for all but very strong GWs interacting with large quantities of charge. If the results here are confirmed and supplemented, significant consequences such as attenuation of early universe GWs could result. Additionally, this effect could extend GW detection techniques into the electromagnetic regime. These explorations are worthy of study to determine the presence of such radiation, as it is extremely important to refine our theoretical framework in an era of active GW astrophysics.