$\theta$-semisimple twisted conjugacy classes of type D in $\operatorname{PSL}_n(q)$

TL;DR

This paper classifies certain twisted conjugacy classes of elements in projective special linear groups over finite fields, showing most are of type D and providing conditions for exceptions, with implications for group theory and algebraic structures.

Contribution

It introduces a classification of $(d heta)$-conjugacy classes in $ ext{PSL}_n(q)$, identifying when they are of type D and analyzing exceptions, advancing understanding of twisted conjugacy in finite groups.

Findings

Most $(d heta)$-conjugacy classes are of type D for large $n$ and $q$

All such classes are of type D if $n ot ext{ even}$ or divisible by 4 with $q>7$

Develops methods for analyzing twisted classes in finite groups

Abstract

Let $p$ be an odd prime, $m\in {\mathbb N}$ and set $q=p^m$, $G=\operatorname{PSL}_n(q)$. Let $\theta$ be a standard graph automorphism of $G$, $d$ be a diagonal automorphism and $\operatorname{Fr}_q$ be the Frobenius endomorphism of $\operatorname{PSL}_n(\overline{{\mathbb F}_q})$. We show that every $(d\circ \theta)$-conjugacy class of a $(d\circ \theta,p)$-regular element in $G$ is represented in some $\operatorname{Fr}_q$-stable maximal torus and that most of them are of type D. We write out the possible exceptions and show that, in particular, if $n\geq5$ is either odd or a multiple of $4$ and $q>7$, then all such classes are of type D. We develop general arguments to deal with twisted classes in finite groups.