Continuum intensity and [O I] spectral line profiles in solar 3D photospheric models: the effect of magnetic fields

TL;DR

This study investigates how magnetic fields in 3D solar photospheric models influence continuum intensity and spectral line profiles, revealing that magnetic effects are crucial for accurate spectral synthesis and abundance determination.

Contribution

The paper demonstrates the importance of including magnetic fields in 3D solar models for realistic spectral line formation and chemical abundance analysis.

Findings

Magnetic fields do not significantly alter continuum intensity matches.

Magnetic flux increases weaken [O I] spectral lines.

Ignoring magnetic fields leads to underestimating solar oxygen abundance.

Abstract

The importance of magnetic fields in three-dimensional magnetoconvection models of the Sun's photosphere is investigated in terms of their influence on the continuum intensity at different viewing inclination angles, and on the intensity profile of two [O I] spectral lines. We use the RH numerical radiative transfer code to perform a posteriori spectral synthesis on the same time-series of magnetoconvection models used in our publications on the effect of magnetic fields on abundance determination. We obtain a good match of the synthetic disc-centre continuum intensity to the absolute continuum values from the FTS observational spectrum; the match of the centre-to-limb variation (CLV) synthetic data to observations is also good, thanks, in part, to the 3D radiation transfer capabilities of the RH code. The different levels of magnetic flux in the numerical time-series do not modify the quality of the match. Concerning the targetted [O I] spectral lines, we find, instead, that magnetic fields lead to non-negligible changes in the synthetic spectrum, with larger average magnetic flux causing the line to become noticeably weaker. The photospheric oxygen abundance that one would derive if instead using non-magnetic numerical models would thus be lower by a few to several centidexes. The inclusion of magnetic fields is confirmed to be important for improving the current modelling of the Sun, here in particular in terms of spectral line formation and of deriving consistent chemical abundances. These results may shed further light on the still controversial issue regarding the precise value of the solar oxygen abundance.