Coupling chemical networks to hydrogels controls oscillatory behavior

TL;DR

This paper shows how coupling chemical networks to active hydrogels can induce and control oscillatory and excitable behaviors through mechanical feedback mechanisms, enabling new material design possibilities.

Contribution

It introduces two feedback mechanisms via hydrogel coupling that control chemical oscillations, demonstrated through theoretical and modified Belousov-Zhabotinsky models.

Findings

Hydrogel coupling can induce oscillations in non-oscillatory systems.

Mechanical feedback controls and stabilizes chemical oscillations.

The approach enables design of materials with tunable chemical dynamics.

Abstract

In this letter, we demonstrate that oscillations and excitable behavior can be imparted to a chemical network by coupling the network to an active hydrogel. We discuss two mechanisms by which the mechanical response of the gel to the embedded chemical reactant provides feedback into the chemistry. These feedback mechanisms can be applied to control existing chemical oscillations as well as create new oscillations under some conditions. We analyze two model systems to demonstrate these two effects, respectively: a theoretical system that exhibits no excitability in the absence of a gel, and the Oregonator model of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction in which the metal catalyst is intercalated into the polymer network. This work can aid in designing new materials that harness these feedbacks to create, control, and stabilize oscillatory and excitable chemical behavior in both oscillatory and non-oscillatory chemical networks.