Single-pixel ghost microscopy based on compressed sensing and complementary modulation

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel single-pixel microscopic ghost imaging technique using a DMD and compressed sensing, achieving high-quality magnified images of tiny biological objects under weak light conditions.

Contribution

Introduces a single-arm complementary compressive ghost imaging system with a DMD that improves image quality and robustness, advancing practical microscopic imaging applications.

Findings

Image quality surpasses conventional compressed sensing by over an order of magnitude.

System is robust against light source intensity fluctuations.

Capable of imaging micron-sized objects with weak illumination.

Abstract

An experiment demonstrating single-pixel single-arm complementary compressive microscopic ghost imaging based on a digital micromirror device (DMD) has been performed. To solve the difficulty of projecting speckles or modulated light patterns onto tiny biological objects, we instead focus the microscopic image onto the DMD. With this system, we have successfully obtained a magnified image of micron-sized objects illuminated by the microscope's own incandescent lamp. The image quality of our scheme is more than an order of magnitude better than that obtained by conventional compressed sensing with the same total sampling rate, and moreover, the system is robust against intensity instabilities of the light source and may be used under very weak light conditions. Since only one reflection direction of the DMD is used, the other reflection arm is left open for future infrared light sampling. This represents a big step forward toward the practical application of compressive microscopic ghost imaging in the biological and material science fields.