Normalization of quasinormal modes in leaky optical cavities and plasmonic resonators

TL;DR

This paper compares three different normalization formulas for quasinormal modes in optical cavities and plasmonic resonators, demonstrating their equivalence and utility in defining effective mode volumes for Purcell factor calculations.

Contribution

It clarifies the relationship between different normalization formulas and shows they yield consistent results for quasinormal modes.

Findings

All three normalization formulas are equivalent and produce the same results.

Normalized modes can be used to define effective mode volumes for Purcell factor calculations.

The formulas are complementary and applicable across various modeling approaches.

Abstract

We discuss three formally different formulas for normalization of quasinormal modes currently in use for modeling optical cavities and plasmonic resonators and show that they are complementary and provide the same result. Regardless of the formula used for normalization, one can use the norm to define an effective mode volume for use in Purcell factor calculations.