Generalized quantum state discrimination problems

TL;DR

This paper develops a comprehensive framework for solving a wide range of quantum measurement optimization problems, including Bayesian and minimax criteria, with conditions for optimality and symmetry considerations.

Contribution

It introduces a unified approach with dual problems and optimality conditions for generalized quantum state discrimination, extending existing methods.

Findings

Derived dual problems and optimality conditions.

Established symmetry properties of solutions.

Applied framework to specific examples.

Abstract

We address a broad class of optimization problems of finding quantum measurements, which includes the problems of finding an optimal measurement in the Bayes criterion and a measurement maximizing the average success probability with a fixed rate of inconclusive results. Our approach can deal with any problem in which each of the objective and constraint functions is formulated by the sum of the traces of the multiplication of a Hermitian operator and a detection operator. We first derive dual problems and necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimal measurement. We also consider the minimax version of these problems and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a minimax solution. Finally, for optimization problem having a certain symmetry, there exists an optimal solution with the same symmetry. Examples are shown to illustrate how our results can be used.