Pairing versus quarteting coherence length

TL;DR

This paper systematically analyzes pairing and quarteting coherence lengths in nuclei, revealing their spatial behaviors, effects of temperature, shell structure, and the significance of proton-neutron correlations, with implications for nuclear structure understanding.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of pairing and quarteting coherence lengths, including the effects of temperature, shell structure, and proton-neutron correlations in nuclei.

Findings

Pairing coherence length is larger than the nuclear radius in light nuclei.

Quartet coherence length is larger at the nuclear surface.

Proton-neutron correlations significantly influence alpha coherence length.

Abstract

We systematically analyse the coherence length in even-even nuclei. The pairing coherence length in the spin-singlet channel for the effective density dependent delta (DDD) and Gaussian interaction is estimated. We consider in our calculations bound states as well as narrow resonances. It turns out that the pairing gaps given by the DDD interaction are similar to those of the Gaussian potential if one renormalizes the radial width to the nuclear radius. The correlations induced by the pairing interaction have in all considered cases a long range character inside the nucleus and decrease towards the surface. The mean coherence length is larger than the geometrical radius for light nuclei and approaches this value for heavy nuclei. The effect of the temperature and states in continuum is investigated. Strong shell effects are evidenced, especially for protons. We generalize this concept to quartets by considering similar relations, but between proton and neutron pairs. The quartet coherence length has a similar shape, but with larger values on the nuclear surface. We evidence the important role of proton-neutron correlations by estimating the so-called alpha coherence length, which takes into account the overlap with the proton-neutron part of the $\alpha$-particle wave function. It turns out that it does not depend on the nuclear size and has a value comparable to the free $\alpha$-particle radius. We have shown that pairing correlations are mainly concentrated inside the nucleus, while quarteting correlations are connected to the nuclear surface.