Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization Foreground Removal with the SKA
Emma Chapman, Anna Bonaldi, Geraint Harker, Vibor Jeli\'c and, Filipe B. Abdalla, Gianni Bernardi, J\'er\^ome Bobin, Fred Dulwich, and Benjamin Mort, Mario Santos, Jean-Luc Starck

TL;DR
This paper evaluates foreground removal techniques for SKA's observations of the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization, demonstrating that current methods can effectively recover the cosmological signal despite instrumental and foreground complexities.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive comparison of parametric and non-parametric foreground removal methods using realistic SKA simulations, highlighting their effectiveness and challenges.
Findings
Foregrounds can be removed with high accuracy using current methods.
Instrumental effects like frequency-dependent PSF complicate signal recovery.
Splitting observations into smaller bandwidth segments improves results.
Abstract
The exceptional sensitivity of the SKA will allow observations of the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization (CD/EoR) in unprecedented detail, both spectrally and spatially. This wealth of information is buried under Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds, which must be removed accurately and precisely in order to reveal the cosmological signal. This problem has been addressed already for the previous generation of radio telescopes, but the application to SKA is different in many aspects. In this chapter we summarise the contributions to the field of foreground removal in the context of high redshift and high sensitivity 21-cm measurements. We use a state-of-the-art simulation of the SKA Phase 1 observations complete with cosmological signal, foregrounds and frequency-dependent instrumental effects to test both parametric and non-parametric foreground removal methods. We compare the…
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