Parity violation and dynamical relativistic effects in $(\vec{e},e'N)$ reactions

TL;DR

This paper develops a fully relativistic approach to analyze parity-violating quasielastic electron scattering, addressing off-shell effects, gauge ambiguities, and dynamical relativistic effects to better understand PV phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces the first explicit expressions for PV single-nucleon responses within the relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation.

Findings

Disentangles off-shell and gauge effects in PV electron scattering

Provides explicit relativistic expressions for PV responses

Enhances understanding of dynamical relativistic effects in nuclei

Abstract

It is well known that coincidence quasielastic $(\vec{e},e'N)$ reactions are not appropriate to analyze effects linked to parity violation due the presence of the fifth electromagnetic (EM) response $R^{TL'}$. Nevertheless, in this work we develop a fully relativistic approach to be applied to parity-violating (PV) quasielastic $(\vec{e},e'N)$ processes. This is of importance as a preliminary step in the subsequent study of inclusive quasielastic PV $(\vec{e},e')$ reactions. Moreover, our present analysis allows us to disentangle effects associated with the off-shell character of nucleons in nuclei, gauge ambiguities and the role played by the lower components in the nucleon wave functions, i.e., dynamical relativistic effects. This study can help in getting clear information on PV effects. Particular attention is paid to the relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation where the explicit expressions for the PV single-nucleon responses are shown for the first time.