A TB-HIV/AIDS coinfection model and optimal control treatment

TL;DR

This paper develops a mathematical model for TB-HIV/AIDS coinfection transmission, analyzes its dynamics, and derives optimal treatment strategies to reduce active cases using control theory and numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive population model for TB-HIV coinfection, including optimal control strategies for treatment, which is a novel approach in this context.

Findings

Optimal control strategies reduce active TB and AIDS cases.

Non-intuitive treatment measures can be more effective.

Model provides insights into coinfection dynamics and control.

Abstract

We propose a population model for TB-HIV/AIDS coinfection transmission dynamics, which considers antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection and treatments for latent and active tuberculosis. The HIV-only and TB-only sub-models are analyzed separately, as well as the TB-HIV/AIDS full model. The respective basic reproduction numbers are computed, equilibria and stability are studied. Optimal control theory is applied to the TB-HIV/AIDS model and optimal treatment strategies for co-infected individuals with HIV and TB are derived. Numerical simulations to the optimal control problem show that non intuitive measures can lead to the reduction of the number of individuals with active TB and AIDS.