(Co)Homology of Lie Algebras via Algebraic Morse Theory

TL;DR

This paper applies algebraic Morse theory to compute the (co)homology of Lie algebras of triangular matrices, revealing torsion structures and generalizing results to other ordered Lie algebras with computational methods.

Contribution

It introduces algebraic Morse theory techniques to compute Lie algebra (co)homology and extends these methods to generalized triangular matrix Lie algebras with computational validation.

Findings

Computed Chevalley-Eilenberg (co)homology for $rak{sol}_n$ over $Q$ and $Z_p$.

Identified where $p$-torsion appears in homology groups.

Expressed homology of $rak{sol}_n$ with $Z_p$ coefficients via subcomplexes.

Abstract

E. Sk\"oldberg's Morse Theory from an Algebraic Viewpoint and M. J\"ollenbeck's Algebraic Discrete Morse Theory and Applications to Commutative Algebra, which is the algebraic generalization of R. Forman's discrete Morse Theory for Cell Complexes, is discussed in the context of general chain complexes of free modules. Using this, we compute the Chevalley-Eilenberg (co)homology of the Lie algebra of all triangular matrices $\frak{sol}_n$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ or $\mathbb{Z}_p$ for large enough prime $p$. We determine the column and row in the table of $H_k(\frak{sol}_n;\mathbb{Z})$ where the $p$-torsion first appears. Every $\mathbb{Z}_{p^k}$ appears as a direct summand of some $H_k(\frak{sol}_n;\mathbb{Z})$. Module $H_k(\frak{sol}_n;\mathbb{Z}_p)$ is expressed by the homology of a chain subcomplex for the Lie algebra of all strictly triangular matrices $\frak{nil}_n$, using the K\"unneth formula. All conclusions are accompanied by computer experiments. Then we generalize some results to the more general Lie algebras of (strictly) triangular matrices $\frak{gl}_n^\prec$ and $\frak{gl}_n^\preceq$ with respect to any partial ordering $\preceq$ on $[n]$. Furthermore, the matchings used can be analogously defined for other Lie algebra families and are useful for theoretical as well as computational purposes.