An escape of vector matter-wave soliton from a parabolic trap

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a vector matter-wave soliton in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate can escape a parabolic trap, mimicking Hawking emission, with one component oscillating and the other escaping due to opposite effective masses.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where a vector soliton in BEC escapes a trap, emulating Hawking radiation, with detailed analysis of component separation and atom transfer.

Findings

One BEC component oscillates periodically within the trap.

The other BEC component with negative effective mass escapes from the trap.

Spatially periodic linear coupling facilitates atom transfer between components.

Abstract

We show that a vector matter-wave soliton in Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into an optical lattice can escape from a trap formed by a parabolic potential, resembling a Hawking emission. The particle-antiparticle pair is emulated by a low-amplitude bright-bright soliton in two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with effective masses of opposite signs. It is shown that the parabolic potential leads to a spatial separation of BEC components. One component with chemical potential in a semi-infinite gap exerts periodical oscillations, while the other BEC component, with negative effective mass, escapes from the trap. The mechanism of atoms transfer from one BEC component to another by spatially periodic linear coupling term is discussed.