Spontaneous Spin Textures in Dipolar Spinor Condensates: A Dirac String Gas Approach

TL;DR

This paper explores how magnetic dipole interactions induce spontaneous spin textures in ferromagnetic spinor condensates, using a Dirac string gas model to predict various ground state configurations across different geometries.

Contribution

It introduces a novel Dirac string gas approach to analyze spin textures in dipolar spinor condensates, revealing geometry-dependent ground state textures.

Findings

3D condensates favor meron-like vortex textures

Quasi 1D condensates prefer axial flare textures

Quasi 2D condensates exhibit meron or in-plane polarized textures

Abstract

We study the spontaneous spin textures induced by magnetic dipole-dipole interaction in ferromagnetic spinor condensates under various trap geometries. At the mean-field level, we show the system is dual to a Dirac string gas with a negative string tension in which the ground state spin texture can be easily determined. We find that three-dimensional condensates prefer a meron-like vortex texture, quasi one-dimensional condensates prefer the axially polarized flare texture, while condensates in quasi two dimensions exhibit either a meron texture or an in-plane polarized texture.