Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a spin-orbit coupled $f=2$ spinor condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates the ground-state properties of a spin-orbit coupled $f=2$ spinor condensate in a quasi-one-dimensional trap, revealing various symmetry-breaking states and phase separation phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces analytical and numerical analysis of symmetry-breaking states in a spin-orbit coupled $f=2$ condensate, highlighting new phases and symmetry properties.

Findings

Identification of parity- and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking states

Prediction of phase separation among components in certain states

Analytic and numerical solutions illustrating symmetry-breaking phenomena

Abstract

We study the ground-state density profile of a spin-orbit coupled $f=2$ spinor condensate in a quasi-one-dimensional trap. The Hamiltonian of the system is invariant under time reversal but not under parity. We identify different parity- and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking states. The time-reversal-symmetry breaking is possible for degenerate states. A phase separation among densities of different components is possible in the domain of time-reversal-symmetry breaking. Different types of parity- and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking states are predicted analytically and studied numerically. We employ numerical and approximate analytic solutions of a mean-field model in this investigation to illustrate our findings.