Non-Abelian Sine-Gordon Solitons

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the existence and stability of non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons in certain gauge theories and their relevance to high-density QCD phases, expanding understanding of topological solitons in non-Abelian contexts.

Contribution

It introduces the stable existence of non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons in $U(N)$ chiral Lagrangian and gauge theories, and explores their topological and physical implications.

Findings

Non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons are stable in $U(N)$ chiral Lagrangian.

Such solitons can terminate on non-Abelian global vortices.

Relevance to high-density QCD phases where anomalies are suppressed.

Abstract

We point out that non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons stably exist in the $U(N)$ chiral Lagrangian. They also exist in a $U(N)$ gauge theory with two $N$ by $N$ complex scalar fields coupled to each other. One non-Abelian sine-Gordon soliton can terminate on one non-Abelian global vortex. They are relevant in chiral Lagrangian of QCD or in color-flavor locked phase of high density QCD, where the anomaly is suppressed at asymptotically high temperature or density, respectively.