Why are there three generations of fermions in the standard model?

TL;DR

This paper proposes a theoretical explanation for the existence of three fermion generations in the Standard Model by decomposing gauge fields into fermionic components and treating remaining degrees of freedom as dynamical fields, emphasizing the role of gauge symmetry.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to explain fermion generation proliferation through gauge field decomposition and dynamical degrees of freedom in the Lagrangian.

Findings

Gauge symmetry is crucial for fermion generation structure

Decomposition of gauge fields into fermionic degrees of freedom offers explanatory power

Remaining degrees of freedom as dynamical fields can account for fermion proliferation

Abstract

We show that by decomposing the gauge fields in fermion degrees of freedom and by saturating the remaining degrees of freedom as dynamical fields in the Lagrangian one might explain the proliferation of fermion states in the standard model Lagrangian. Thus the mere presence of the gauge symmetry $U(1)_Y \times SU(2)_L \times SU(3)_c$ is essential.