A novel method for the line-of-response and time-of-flight reconstruction in TOF-PET detectors based on a library of synchronized model signals

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new library-based method for accurately reconstructing the line-of-response and time-of-flight in TOF-PET detectors by comparing measured signals with synchronized model signals, improving spatial and temporal resolution.

Contribution

The novel approach synchronizes model signals for direct TOF difference measurement, enhancing hit position and time reconstruction in scintillator detectors.

Findings

Achieved spatial resolution of about 1.3 cm (σ).

Achieved TOF resolution of about 125 ps (σ).

Validated with experimental data from J-PET prototype.

Abstract

A novel method of hit time and hit position reconstruction in scintillator detectors is described. The method is based on comparison of detector signals with results stored in a library of synchronized model signals registered for a set of well-defined positions of scintillation points. The hit position is reconstructed as the one corresponding to the signal from the library which is most similar to the measurement signal. The time of the interaction is determined as a relative time between the measured signal and the most similar one in the library. A degree of similarity of measured and model signals is defined as the distance between points representing the measurement- and model-signal in the multi-dimensional measurement space. Novelty of the method lies also in the proposed way of synchronization of model signals enabling direct determination of the difference between time-of-flights (TOF) of annihilation quanta from the annihilation point to the detectors. The introduced method was validated using experimental data obtained by means of the double strip prototype of the J-PET detector and $^{22}$Na sodium isotope as a source of annihilation gamma quanta.The detector was built out from plastic scintillator strips with dimensions of 5 mm x 19 mm x 300 mm, optically connected at both sides to photomultipliers,from which signals were sampled by means of the Serial Data Analyzer.Using the introduced method, the spatial and TOF resolution of about 1.3 cm ($\sigma$) and 125 ps ($\sigma$) were established, respectively.