Macroscopic (and Microscopic) Massless Modes

TL;DR

This paper analyzes massless modes in spinning strings within AdS3 x S3 x S3 x S1, using algebraic curves and symmetry considerations to include fermionic modes and compute one-loop energy corrections.

Contribution

It introduces a method to incorporate massless fermionic modes into the algebraic curve formalism and relates folded and circular string solutions.

Findings

Successfully treated massless fermions in the algebraic curve formalism.

Revealed a symmetry that relates different string modes and masses.

Calculated one-loop energy corrections using the Beisert-Tseytlin resummation.

Abstract

We study certain spinning strings exploring the flat directions of AdS3 x S3 x S3 x S1, the massless sector cousins of su(2) and sl(2) sector spinning strings. We describe these, and their vibrational modes, using the D(2,1;\alpha)^2 algebraic curve. By exploiting a discrete symmetry of this structure which reverses the direction of motion on the spheres, and alters the masses of the fermionic modes s \to 1-s, we find out how to treat the massless fermions which were previously missing from this formalism. We show that folded strings behave as a special case of circular strings, in a sense which includes their mode frequencies, and we are able to recover this fact in the worldsheet formalism. We use these frequencies to calculate one-loop corrections to the energy, with a version of the Beisert-Tseytlin resummation.